Microprocessor and PC Hardware, Semester 3(19-22), Model examination, March 2021
Model Examination, March 2021
Department of
Computer Applications, Semester 3
Microprocessor & PC Hardware
Total : 80 marks Time: 2 hours
Section A
Answer any 6 questions. Each question carries 3 marks.
(Write in not less than a paragraph)
1. What is USB?
Universal Serial Bus (USB) is
an industry standard that establishes specifications for cables and connectors
and protocols for connection, communication and power supply (interfacing)
between computers, peripherals and other computers.
2. Define NTFS.
NT file system (NTFS), which is also sometimes
called the New Technology File System, is a process that the Windows NT
operating system uses for storing, organizing, and finding files on a hard disk
efficiently. NTFS was first introduced in 1993, as a part of the Windows NT 3.1
release.
3. Define ROM.
Read only memory (ROM) provides permanent storage
for instructions needed during bootstrapping, or the process of turning on the
computer. It does so by storing the BIOS and other firmware for the computer
hardware.
4. What is HDD.
A hard disk drive (HDD), hard disk, hard drive,
or fixed disk is an electro-mechanical data storage device that stores and
retrieves digital data using magnetic storage and one or more rigid rapidly
rotating platters coated with magnetic material.
5. What is meant by a cylinder in HDD?
A cylinder is any set of all of tracks of equal diameter
in a hard disk drive (HDD). It can be visualized as a single, imaginary, circle
that cuts through all of the platters (and both sides of each platter) in the
drive.
6. Differentiate UMA and HMA.
Short for Upper Memory Area, UMA is the area of RAM between 640 KB and
1,024 KB (1 MB) in legacy computers, that is made available to user
applications as RAM. In DOS based systems, memory is split into five areas:
conventional memory; upper memory; high memory; extended memory; and expanded
memory. The UMA consists of upper memory blocks, and users can access this area
through a special memory manager, such as EMM386.exe.
Short for high memory area, HMA is the first 64
KB (65,520 bytes) of extended memory above the first 1 MB of memory found on
IBM compatible computers. The HMA is used to swap programs from conventional
memory into high memory making the computer believe more conventional memory is
available on the computer.
7. Short note on general purpose registers in
8085?
The 8085 has
six general-purpose registers to store 8-bit data;
these are identified as- B, C, D, E, H, and L. These can be combined as register pairs
– BC, DE, and HL, to perform some 16-bit operation. These registers are
used to store or copy temporary data, by using instructions, during the
execution of the program.
8. Define microprocessor, microcontroller and
microcomputer?
•
Microprocessor is a multipurpose, programmable,
clock-driven, register-based electronic device that reads binary
instructions from a storage device called memory, accepts binary data as input
and process data according to those instructions and provides results as
output.
•
A digital computer with one microprocessor which
acts as a CPU is called microcomputer.
•
Entire computer on a single chip.
9. What is maskable interrupts?
Maskable
interrupt is a hardware Interrupt that can be disabled or
ignored by the instructions of CPU.
10. What is the use of ALE pin of 8085?
ALE (Address
Enable Latch) is the control signal which is nothing but a positive going pulse
generated when a new operation is started by microprocessor. ... So when pulse
goes high means ALE=1, it makes address bus enable and when ALE=0,
means low pulse makes data bus enable.
11. Describe instruction life cycle?
The time taken for the execution of an instruction
is known as Instruction Cycle.
12. Describe hardware model of 8085?
(6 x 3 = 18 Marks)
Section B
Answer any 4 questions. Each question carries 8 marks.
(Write in not less than 2 pages)
13. Define motherboard and write the importance of motherboard in the
system.
A motherboard is the main printed circuit board
in general-purpose computers and other expandable systems. It holds and allows
communication between many of the crucial electronic components of a system,
such as the central processing unit and memory, and provides connectors for
other peripherals 3 marks
A motherboard comes with following features −
Motherboard varies greatly in supporting various
types of components.
Motherboard supports a single type of CPU and few
types of memories.
Video cards, hard disks, sound cards have to be
compatible with the motherboard to function properly.
Motherboards, cases, and power supplies must be
compatible to work properly together.
5
marks
14. List
and explain any two functions performed by BIOS.
BIOS (basic input/output system) is the program a computer's
microprocessor uses to start the computer system after it is powered on. It
also manages data flow between the computer's operating system (OS) and
attached devices, such as the hard disk, video adapter, keyboard, mouse and
printer.
Detailed explanation required – 8
marks
15. What is
CMOS? Write the features of CMOS.
Complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS),
also known as complementary-symmetry metal–oxide–semiconductor (COS-MOS), is a
type of metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) fabrication
process that uses complementary and symmetrical pairs of p-type and n-type
MOSFETs for logic functions. 3 marks
Features – 5 marks
16.
Describe FAT 32.
FAT32 is a file system used for storage devices, and file systems are
ways of organizing storage on devices such as hard drives, SSDs, memory sticks,
microSD cards, and so on
Detailed explanation required – 8 marks
17. Define
track, sector and cylinder.
hard disk is a sealed unit containing a number of platters in a stack.
... Each disk consists of platters, rings on each side of each platter called
tracks, and sections within each track called sectors. A sector is the smallest
physical storage unit on a disk, almost always 512 bytes in size.
Detailed explanation required – 8 marks
18. Explain hardware and software interrupts with suitable example?
Hardware
Interrupt :
Hardware Interrupt is caused by some hardware device such as request to start
an I/O, a hardware failure or something similar. Hardware interrupts were
introduced as a way to avoid wasting the processor’s valuable time in polling
loops, waiting for external events.
For example, when an I/O operation is completed such as reading some
data into the computer from a tape drive.
Software Interrupt :
Software Interrupt is invoked by the use of INT instruction. This event
immediately stops execution of the program and passes execution over to the INT
handler. The INT handler is usually a part of the operating system and
determines the action to be taken. It occurs when an application program
terminates or requests certain services from the operating system.
For example, output to the screen, execute file etc.
19. Explain pin diagram of 8085?
20. Explain addressing modes of 8085?
Types of addressing modes –
In 8085 microprocessor there are 5 types of addressing modes:
- Immediate
Addressing Mode –
In immediate addressing mode the source operand is always data. If the data is 8-bit, then the instruction will be of 2 bytes, if the data is of 16-bit then the instruction will be of 3 bytes.
Examples:
MVI B 45 (move the data 45H immediately to register B)
LXI H 3050 (load the H-L pair with the operand 3050H immediately)
JMP address (jump to the operand address immediately)
- Register
Addressing Mode –
In register addressing mode, the data to be operated is available inside the register(s) and register(s) is(are) operands. Therefore the operation is performed within various registers of the microprocessor.
Examples:
MOV A, B (move the contents of register B to register A)
ADD B (add contents of registers A and B and store the result in register
A)
INR A (increment the contents of register A by one)
- Direct
Addressing Mode –
In direct addressing mode, the data to be operated is available inside a memory location and that memory location is directly specified as an operand. The operand is directly available in the instruction itself.
Examples:
LDA 2050 (load the contents of memory location into accumulator A)
LHLD address (load contents of 16-bit memory location into H-L register
pair)
IN 35 (read the data from port whose address is 35)
- Register
Indirect Addressing Mode –
In register indirect addressing mode, the data to be operated is available inside a memory location and that memory location is indirectly specified by a register pair.
Examples:
MOV A, M (move the contents of the memory location pointed by the H-L pair to
the accumulator)
LDAX B (move contents of B-C register to the accumulator)
LXIH 9570 (load immediate the H-L pair with the address of the location
9570)
- Implied/Implicit
Addressing Mode –
In implied/implicit addressing mode the operand is hidden and the data to be operated is available in the instruction itself.
Examples:
CMA (finds and stores the 1’s complement of the contains of accumulator A in
A)
RRC (rotate accumulator A right by one bit)
RLC (rotate accumulator A left by one bit)
21. Draw timing diagram of Memory read machine cycle?
(4 x 8 = 32 Marks)
Section C
Answer up to 3 questions carrying 15 marks each. However, total marks
for this section should not exceed 30 marks. Marks scored over 30 will be
ignored
22. Explain the following memory modules (I) SIMM (II) DIMM (III) RIMM
Explanation of SIMM – 5 marks
Explanation of DIMM – 5 marks
Explanation of RIMM – 5 marks
23. Discuss the various components of motherboard in detail.
Definition of mother board – 5 marks
Components listing with detailed explanation – 10 marks
24. Describe architecture of 8085 with a neat diagram?
Diagram-5 marks
Explanation-5 marks
25. Explain instruction sets of 8085?
Explanation- 5 instructions from eac classification
(Maximum 30 Marks)
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